Iyada oo ku saleysan jawaabta noocyada cawska ee loogu talagalay xaaladaha cimilada, gaar ahaan heerkulka, noocyada doogga golf-ka waxay u qaybsan yihiin noocyada cawska xilli-diiran iyo noocyada cawska xilli-qaboobaha. Heerkulka ugu habboon ee koritaanka xididdada xilli-qaboojiyaha-qaboobaha (heerkulka dhulka) waa 10-18 darajo Celsius, iyo heerkulka ugu wanaagsan ee koritaanka stem iyo caleen (heerkulka hawada) waa 16-24 digrii Celsius; Cawska xilli-diirimaadka, heerkulka ugu habboon ee nidaamka xididka waa 25-29 darajo Celsius, oo heerkulka hawadana waa 27-35 digrii Celsius.
Cawska xilli-qaboobaha: Inta badan waqtiga koritaanka cawska-xilliga qaboobaha ayaa lagu urursan yahay xilliga qaboojiyaha sanadka, taasi waa, koonfurta xilliga dayrta, jiilaalka iyo guga; waqooyiga guga iyo deyrta. Cawska xilli-qaboobaha waxaa ka mid ah: qaloocsan, buluug, galley iyo fescue
Cawska xilli-diirinka diiran: Waqtiga koritaanka cawska-diirimaadka cawska ayaa lagu urursan yahay bilaha kuleylka ah ee sanadka, taas oo ah dhammaadka guga, xagaaga iyo deyrta hore ee aagga koonfurta iyo kala-guurka. Cawska xilli-diirimaadka waxaa ka mid ah cawska Bermuda, Zoysia iyo Sebore Paspalaam. Cawska xilliga-diirimaadka ee ku jira golf-ka koorsada golf-ka ayaa badanaa ku dhexjirta cawska xilli-qaboojiyaha si uu u ilaaliyo midabkiisa xilliga qaboobaha. Rye iyo noocyo noocyo ah oo cawska hore waa xulasho.
Abuurka cawska hore: cawska ugu horreeya ee loo adeegsadayKoorsooyinka golfDhammaantood waxay ahaayeen cawska daaqa ee jira goobta, iyo cawska ugu horreeya ee lagu dhex beeray koorsooyinka golf-ka sidoo kale waxay ahaayeen cawska daaqa maxalliga ah. Kahor 1930-meeyadii, koorsooyinka golf-ka ee lagu dhisay waqooyiga Mareykanka waxay adeegsadeen cawska qalooca ee isku dhafan sida doogga golf golf. Qalooca isku dhafka ah waxay ku jirtay 80% gumaysiga gumaysiga, 10% velvet foorarta iyo xoogaa yar oo gurguurta. England cusub, Velvet Bent waxaa loo adeegsaday cagaarka. Abuurkan cawska ah waxay ahaayeen hooyada dhirta ee loogu talagalay abuurista doogga caarada golf ee mustaqbalka.
Sanadkii 1916, in ka badan saynisyahano ka kala socda Waaxda Beeraha Mareykanka (USDA) waxay aasaaseen urur la yiraahdo Arlington Layl Parn, kaas oo loo hibeeyay qiimeynta iyo taranka caleemaha ku habboon cagaarka. Sanadkii 1921-kii, waxay bilaabeen iskaashi ganacsi oo ay la yeeshaan USDA inay si rasmi ah u dhisaan Ururka Gol Gol ee Mareykanka (USGA) si loo ballaariyo cilmi-baarista ku saabsan abuurka cawska. Waxay raadinayeen cawska leh wax qabad aad u wanaagsan oo ka soo jeeda meesha oo dhan, sida caleen aad u fiican, midab, cufnaanta iyo caabbinta cudur, oo lagu beeray xannaanada carruurta ee arlington Layndi. USGA waxay isticmaashay xarafka c si loogu tiriyo wax beero. Sanadkii 1927, Waaxda Beeraha ee Mareykanka ayaa ku dhawaaqday inay abuureen cawska cagaaran ee ugu wanaagsan - cawska geeska ah ee dhalaalaya. Isticmaalka tikniyoolajigan taranka ee taranka, cagaarka badan ayaa lagu daboolay dhar cagaaran, laakiin maxaa yeelay waxaa si joogto ah loo beeray, cudurkeeda iyo caabbigooda cayayaanka laguma hagaajin karo.
Seeding cawska: saynisyahannadu waxay bilaabeen inay wax ka bartaan Pennsylvania sanadkii 1940 si ay isugu dayaan inay helaan labis cawska iyo cawska foorariga ee xasilloon. Ka dib 9 sano oo shaqo adag, waxay ku beero cawska geedaha xunxun ee loo yaqaan penncross, oo la bilaabay 1954 waxayna bilaabeen inay beddelaan cawska cagaaran ee hore. Kahor 1990-yadii, Penncross waxay ahayd cawska cagaaran ee ugu caansan. In kasta oo noocyo cusub la bilaabay, penncross wali si ballaaran ayaa loo isticmaalaa maanta.
Cilmi baarista geedaha pennsylvania ayaa wali socota. Waxaa la soo saaray Dr. Joe Duwick, Penneagle Bent waxaa la bilaabay sanadkii 1978 halka Pennlinks Bent la bilaabay 1980-kii ilaa 1990, cilmi baaristu waxay inta badan diirada saartay sidii loo ballaarin lahaa caabbinta kuleylka aad u sarreeya si loo ballaariyo laqabsashada. Iyada oo loo marayo cilmi baarista Texas by USGA, noocyo cusub oo foorarsan oo cata cata iyo Creshaw ayaa la bilaabay. Isla mar ahaantaana, Pennsylvania Joe Duwick wuxuu diiradda saaray sida loo wanaajiyo u dulqaadashada Bent illaa goynta hoose. Dadaalkiisii ayaa horseeday bilaabida taxanaha foorafka iyo G. Shirkadaha kale ee doogga ah waxay sidoo kale bilaabeen noocyo aad u wanaagsan sida: SR1020, L-93, LEMENESPIN, Guryaha kale ee BurtGrass: Kentucky Bluegrass - Kennial Blugrass ayaa si aad ah u dubay 40 ilaa 50 sano, Beerista uurjiifku si loo fududeeyo xulista noocyada kala duwan ee abuurka cawska cawska ee shirkadaha doogga ee kaladuwan, oo ay ku jiraan:
Cawska xilli-diirimaadka: Cawska Bermuda wuxuu ku habboon yahay kuleylka, hoosaad hoose iyo gobollada koonfurta adduunka; Aagga Cimilada Ku-meelgaarka ah ee Mareykanka, Zoysia waxaa badanaa loo isticmaalaa wadooyinka cadaalad ah, laakiin si ballaaran ayaa loo isticmaalaa Japan, Korea iyo Shiinaha; Cawska loffalo, oo ah cawska asalka ah ee bannaanka weyn ee waqooyiga Ameerika, ayaa ku habboon cawska dheer ee semi-qoyan, semi-oomane iyo aagagga oomane ah; Shoortore Paspalom, cawska ugu cusbooneyn cusbada-uruurinta cusbada, waxay ku habboon tahay gobollada kuleylka iyo dhul-dhaafidda, oo noocyada la hagaajiyey waxaa loo isticmaali karaa sida cawska dhulka,Greens iyo Wanaagsan.
Cawska Bermuda iyo Beelaha: Cawska Bermuda ee loo yaqaan 'Bermuda Cawska' Bermuda Caws waxaa lagu faafi karaa sahaminta horyaalada. Sannadkii 1924, Mareykanka wuxuu bilaabay Bermuda kala duwan ee Berduda kala duwan ee Atlanta, 1938, U3. Markii dambe, markii Golby Bobby's Bobby Jones uu u tagay Masar si uu u ciyaaro golf, wuxuu si lama filaan ah u soo bandhigay caws ku cusub caws New Berdudagrass ah, Ugagags. Kahor 1950, waxaa jiray oo keliya taxanahan Berduda oo la dooran karo. Sannadihii 1950-meeyadii iyo 1960-yadii, cawska Bermuda ayaa guud ahaan noqday cawska golf golf-ka ugu weyn. Sannadihii 1940-yadii, saynisyahan ka soo jeeda Waaxda Beeraha ee Mareykanka, Glen Burton, oo si lama filaan ah u helay xoogaa cufan, oo gaagaaban, cawska tayo-sare oo tayo-sare ah, Dabaqyada ka dib, wuxuu bilaabay Tffonon 57 (Tiflawn) sanadkii 1957 Marka Burton wuxuu sii waday inuu wax barto oo uu bartay in saynisyahan kale uu ku dhaco Tootonki 57 oo leh xididdada eeyaha maxalliga ah ee Afrika. Ka dib markii la dhiirrigeliyay, wuxuu ku dooday oo wuxuu helay xididdada eeyaha badan ee maxalliga ah koorsooyinka koonfurta golf-ka. Ka dib boqollaal oo jilicsan, Burton waxay bilaabeen Tffton 127 (tiffline), Tffonon 328 (Tifgereen) iyo Tffgreen) iyo Taffon 419 (Tifon). Permuda (Tifdwarf) waxaa ku dhashay saynisyahan kale oo ku saabsan xulka hidda-socodka ee hadda jira ee 328, laakiin waxaa ka diiwaan galiyay Burton 1955.
Ilaa maanta, tilofton wali waa xarunta awood u leh aqoonsashada Beelaha Beerodua. Sanadihii ugu dambeeyay, saynisyahan kale, Hanna, ayaa wali cilmi baaris ku sameynaya magaalada Kalifon. Wuxuu bilaabay cawska gorgorka iyo Tifpport, labaduba waxay laba hooyooyin ah ka haysaa Shiinaha.
Waqtiga Post: Dec-09-2024